shortest serving pope
[186][187] Many contemporary portraits of 15th and 16th-century predecessors of Pius V show them wearing a white cassock similar to his. Eliakim gets the power to close and open, while Peter gets the power to bind and loose. John Paul I Pope John Paul I also reigned for 33 days before his death in 1978. [148] Saint Boniface described Pope Gregory II as vicar of Peter in the oath of fealty that he took in 722. [200][201] This immunity is sometimes loosely referred to as "diplomatic immunity", which is, strictly speaking, the immunity enjoyed by the diplomatic representatives of a head of state. Pope Urban VII . What form that should take is still a matter of disagreement, just as it was when the Catholic and Orthodox Churches split in the Great East-West Schism. He announces the new pope's Christian name along with his newly chosen regnal name. Stephen (2326 March 752) died of stroke three days after his election, and before his consecration as a bishop. For bishops are preachers of the faith, who lead new disciples to Christ, and they are authentic teachers, that is, teachers endowed with the authority of Christ, who preach to the people committed to them the faith they must believe and put into practice, and by the light of the Holy Spirit illustrate that faith. The failure of Conciliarism to gain broad acceptance after the 15th century is taken as a factor in the Protestant Reformation.[69]. The infallibility promised to the Church resides also in the body of Bishops, when that body exercises the supreme magisterium with the successor of Peter. The shortest papacies of all time? The new pope chooses the name by which he will be known from that point on. [52] Great defenders of Trinitarian faith included the popes, especially Liberius, who was exiled to Berea by Constantius II for his Trinitarian faith,[53] Damasus I, and several other bishops. [59], The low point of the papacy was 8671049. In his short reign, he instituted the world's first known smoking ban, threatening to excommunicate anyone who "took tobacco in the porchway of or inside a church". The longest serving Pope was Pius IX, who reigned from 1846 to 1878 for a total of 32 years. [172], Pontifex Maximus, similar in meaning to Summus Pontifex, is a title commonly found in inscriptions on papal buildings, paintings, statues and coins, usually abbreviated as "Pont. The term pope is the name several churches give to their highest spiritual leader. The Second Council of Lyon was convened on 7 May 1274, to regulate the election of the pope. Pope Urban VII - Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia This makes him the shortest reigning Pope in the history of the . Pope Gregory I (c.540604) administered the church with strict reform. At the time of his election, he was about 70 years old. Several of these churches refer to such claims as ultramontanism. Cornelius [the Bishop of Rome] was made bishop by the choice of God and of His Christ, by the favorable witness of almost all the clergy, by the votes of the people who were present, and by the assembly of ancient priests and good men. First he asks, "Do you freely accept your election as supreme pontiff?" During the "sede vacante" period, the College of Cardinals is collectively responsible for the government of the Church and of the Vatican itself, under the direction of the Camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church. [207] Another barrister said that it was a "matter of embarrassment that a senior British lawyer would want to allow himself to be associated with such a silly idea". As a pope, he had many initiatives such as the planets first ban on smoking. Urban VII (15 September-27 September 1590): reigned for 13 calendar days, died before . After Pope Zacharias died, Stephen II became the pope-elect. But the position once has been filled by the will of God and that appointment has been ratified by the consent of us all, if anyone wants to be made bishop after that, it has to be done outside the church; if a man does not uphold the unity of the Church's unity, it is not possible for him to have the Church's ordination. Set the first known worldwide smoking ban, banning smoking in and near all churches. The flag most frequently associated with the pope is the yellow and white flag of Vatican City, with the arms of the Holy See (blazoned: "Gules, two keys in saltire or and argent, interlacing in the rings or, beneath a tiara argent, crowned or") on the right-hand side (the "fly") in the white half of the flag (the left-hand sidethe "hoist"is yellow). Who is the longest serving pope on the history of the Catholic Church [170], The Annuario Pontificio lists as one of the official titles of the pope that of "Supreme Pontiff of the Universal Church" (Latin: Summus Pontifex Ecclesiae Universalis). Papal History: The List of Popes Some popes served in the office for years, and others served for a few days or months while one was never confirmed. He also possesses a summer residence at Castel Gandolfo, situated on the site of the ancient city of Alba Longa. Indeed, it did not begin to appear in the pontifical yearbook until 1863. [106], According to the Catholic church, the Pope is also the new Eliakim, a figure in the Old Testament of the Bible who directed the affairs of the royal court, managed the palace staff, and handled state affairs. But it's Pope Urban VII, who succumbed to malaria after only 13 days, who is the shortest-serving Pope. For the historic state controlled by the Pope, see, Traditional ecclesiastical jurisdictions of, Toggle Early Christian mentions subsection, Toggle Election, death and resignation subsection, Toggle Politics of the Holy See subsection, Toggle Objections to the papacy subsection, Toggle Other uses of the title "Pope" subsection, (Current and preferred residence of Pope Francis), EastWest Schism to Reformation (10541517), Saint Peter and the origin of the papal office, Orthodox, Anglican and Old Catholic churches, In new religious movements and other Christian-related new religious movements, The papacy was an influence in regulating the, "Continuing in that same undertaking, this Council is resolved to declare and proclaim before all men the doctrine concerning bishops, the successors of the apostles, who together with the successor of Peter, the Vicar of Christ, the visible Head of the whole Church, govern the house of the living God.". This pope, as the name suggests, hailed from the House of Medici in Florence, Italy. [175] The popes began to use this title regularly only in the 15th century. [160], The term "pontiff" is derived from the Latin: pontifex, which literally means "bridge builder" (pons + facere) and which designated a member of the principal college of priests in pagan Rome. In matters of faith and morals, the bishops speak in the name of Christ and the faithful are to accept their teaching and adhere to it with a religious assent. Historically, Protestants objected to the papacy's claim of temporal power over all secular governments, including territorial claims in Italy,[222] the papacy's complex relationship with secular states such as the Roman and Byzantine empires, and the autocratic character of the papal office. The Primacy of St. Peter, the controversial doctrinal basis of the pope's authority, continues to divide the eastern and western churches and to separate Protestants from Rome. Perhaps the most famous (and certainly most recent) example is that of Benedict XVI, who replaced John Paul II (himself, the second-longest serving pope, at over 26 years), and resigned after just nine years at the helm of the Catholic Church, per The Guardian. Although Pope Benedict XVI replaced the triregnum with a mitre on his personal coat of arms, it has been retained on the flag. [211], Protestant denominations of Christianity reject the claims of Petrine primacy of honor, Petrine primacy of jurisdiction, and papal infallibility. Pope Francis signs some documents with his name alone, either in Latin ("Franciscus", as in an encyclical dated 29 June 2013)[178] or in another language. [29] Some historians argue against the notion that Peter was the first bishop of Rome, noting that the episcopal see in Rome can be traced back no earlier than the 3rd century. While it is only one of the terms with which the pope is referred to as "vicar", it is "more expressive of his supreme headship of the Church on Earth, which he bears in virtue of the commission of Christ and with vicarial power derived from him", a vicarial power believed to have been conferred on Saint Peter when Christ said to him: "Feed my lambsFeed my sheep". Wideangle: Europe's shortest reigns - The New European In a few cases, the term is used for other Christian clerical authorities. In his brief . [31] Moreover, Irenaeus was not the first to write of Peter's presence in the early Roman Church. Eliakim to a Peg (a structure that is driven into a wall or other structure to provide support and stability) while Peter to a Rock. [126][127], Until 1978, the pope's election was followed in a few days by the papal coronation, which started with a procession with great pomp and circumstance from the Sistine Chapel to St. Peter's Basilica, with the newly elected pope borne in the sedia gestatoria. [55][56] While the civil power in the Eastern Roman Empire controlled the church, and the patriarch of Constantinople, the capital, wielded much power,[57] in the Western Roman Empire, the bishops of Rome were able to consolidate the influence and power they already possessed. He ruled for thirteen days in September 1590, [1] and died before his consecration, from malaria. Wetterau, Bruce. The concept that a monetary fine or donation accompanied contrition, confession, and prayer eventually gave way to the common assumption that indulgences depended on a simple monetary contribution. Rather, the Orthodox Church holds that the Bishop of Rome is first among equals, and that decisions that affect the whole Church should be determined by Ecumenical Councils. [133] This was not done on the deaths of popes John Paul I[134] and John Paul II. [33] St. Ignatius of Antioch wrote shortly after Clement; in his letter from the city of Smyrna to the Romans, he said he would not command them as Peter and Paul did. [48] There are a few other references of that time to recognition of the authoritative primacy of the Roman See outside of Rome. [185], Pope Pius V (reigned 15661572), is often credited with having originated the custom whereby the pope wears white, by continuing after his election to wear the white habit of the Dominican order. Conciliarism holds that the supreme authority of the church lies with a General Council, not with the pope. Not necessarily, says U.S. Catholic. The WELS still holds to this statement.[221]. [188], The status and authority of the pope in the Catholic Church was dogmatically defined by the First Vatican Council on 18 July 1870. Oxford University Press. Scriptural texts proposed in support of Peter's special position in relation to the church include: I tell you, you are Peter, and on this rock I will build my church, and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it. Photos: Shortest-reigning popes | CNN In Mattew 16:18 Peter was compared to a rock. Before the 21st century, only five popes unambiguously resigned with historical certainty, all between the 10th and 15th centuries. List of popes - Wikipedia [136], The body lies in state for several days before being interred in the crypt of a leading church or cathedral; all popes who have died in the 20th and 21st centuries have been interred in St. Peter's Basilica. Pope - Wikipedia During the 1st century of the Church (c.30130), the Roman capital became recognized as a Christian center of exceptional importance. Some of the leading candidates included Cesare Baronius and Robert Bellarmine. There are 35 instances of the use of this term in the Vulgate: Annuario Pontificio 2008 (Libreria Editrice Vaticana, Examples are "Francesco" in the frontispiece of the 2013, Compare the portrait reproduced in the article on Pius V with those in the articles on his immediate predecessors, Denzinger 30733075 (old numbering, 18391840), "Therefore, on the basis of a renewed study of the pertinent Scriptures we reaffirm the statement of the Lutheran Confessions, that 'the Pope is the very Antichrist'" from, Annuario Pontificio 2012 (Libreria Editrice Vaticana 2012, Coptic Orthodox Patriarchate of Alexandria, Ethiopian Orthodox Patriarchate of Ethiopia, Eritrean Orthodox Patriarchate of Eritrea, Conflict between the Emperor and the papacy, Fundamental Statute for the Secular Government of the States of the Church, History of the Catholic Church since 1962, Corps of Firefighters of the Vatican City State, Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State, List of diplomatic missions of the Holy See, Section for Relations with States (Roman Curia), Administration of the Patrimony of the Apostolic See, Prefecture for the Economic Affairs of the Holy See, Coats of arms of the Holy See and Vatican City, Postage stamps and postal history of Vatican City, Santa Maria della Piet in Camposanto dei Teutonici, Restoration of the Sistine Chapel frescoes, Committee on Ecumenical and Interreligious Affairs, tradition that reached back into the eleventh century, Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples, Pope and Patriarch of All Africa on the Holy Orthodox and Apostolic Throne of Saint Mark the Evangelist and Holy Apostle, Pope and Patriarch of Alexandria and All Africa, disassociated themselves from the Catholic Church, "American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language", "Rome, Patriarchate of | Encyclopedia.com", "Christ's Faithful Hierarchy, Laity, Consecrated Life: The episcopal college and its head, the pope", "In Biden's visit with the pope, a page from Reagan's playbook? Both the Eastern Orthodox[85] and Roman Catholic Churches recognize this concept as referring to the Bishop of Rome, who is regarded as the successor of St. Peter and has a special role in maintaining unity within the Church.[86][87]. The church there, at the end of the century, wrote an epistle to the Church in Corinth intervening in a major dispute, and apologizing for not having taken action earlier. His reign lasted from April 1 to April 12, 1605, which was only 11 days in office. [113] If someone who is not a bishop is elected, he must be given episcopal ordination before the election is announced to the people.[114]. [148], The title "vicar of Peter" (vicarius Petri) is used only of the pope, not of other bishops. Before the death of Pope Zacharias, Pope-elect Stephen had the role of a cardinal-priest. And he was made bishop when no one else had been made bishop before him when the position of Fabian, that is to say, the position of Peter and the office of the bishop's chair, was vacant. [8] It is the Holy See that is the sovereign entity by international law headquartered in the distinctively independent Vatican City State, a city-state which forms a geographical enclave within the conurbation of Rome, established by the Lateran Treaty in 1929 between Italy and the Holy See to ensure its temporal and spiritual independence. [122], The new pope is led to the Room of Tears, a dressing room where three sets of white papal vestments (immantatio) await in three sizes. [214], This sweeping rejection is held by, among others, some denominations of Lutherans: Confessional Lutherans hold that the pope is the Antichrist, stating that this article of faith is part of a quia ("because") rather than quatenus ("insofar as") subscription to the Book of Concord. ", "Popes and conclaves: everything you need to know", "White Smoke, Pope; Black Smoke, Nope: How Conclave Smoke Gets Its Color", "Press Conference on the Tenth General Congregations of the College of Cardinals (11 March) and Regarding Events of the Coming Days: Tenth and Last General Congregation". Examples include the African Legio Maria Church and the European Palmarian Catholic Church in Spain. When Pope Leo III crowned Charlemagne (800) as emperor, he established the precedent that, in Western Europe, no man would be emperor without being crowned by a pope. The pope's seals are defaced, to keep them from ever being used again, and his personal apartment is sealed. The List of popes by length of reign is parsed using two organizing standardsidentifying the longest reigns and the shortest ones. The blessed apostles [Peter and Paul], then, having founded and built up the Church [in Rome], committed into the hands of Linus the office of the episcopate. TIL that the shortest serving pope was Pope Urban VII who only - Reddit James the Just, known as "the brother of the Lord", served as head of the Jerusalem church, which is still honored as the "Mother Church" in Orthodox tradition. Translated into English, the statement means "first among equals". The jurisdiction of the pope is known as the Holy See even though the office of the pope is known as the papacy. [118][119], The dean of the College of Cardinals then asks two solemn questions of the man who has been elected. [59], Since the beginning of the 7th century, Islamic conquests had succeeded in controlling much of the southern Mediterranean, and represented a threat to Christianity. this infallibility with which the Divine Redeemer willed His Church to be endowed in defining doctrine of faith and morals, extends as far as the deposit of Revelation extends, which must be religiously guarded and faithfully expounded. The bull Laudabiliter in 1155 authorized King Henry II of England to invade Ireland. This title was first used by Pope Theodore I in 642, and was only used occasionally. What Lutherans understood as a papal claim to unlimited authority over everything and everyone reminded them of the apocalyptic imagery of Daniel 11, a passage that even prior to the Reformation had been applied to the pope as the Antichrist of the last days. Public projects in this papacy also subsided under his rule. [115] Traditionally, the vote was conducted by acclamation, by selection (by committee), or by plenary vote. Some popes used the term and others did not. This status as a secular and civil ruler was vividly displayed by Pope Leo I's confrontation with Attila in 452. In the following list the number of calendar days includes partial days. The earliest document that describes it as such is the Ordo XIII, a book of ceremonies compiled in about 1274. Balloting continues until someone is elected by a two-thirds majority. We did pass an interesting papal milestone in 2020 though, notes Religion Unplugged. Pope Urban VII (Latin: Urbanus VII; Italian: Urbano VII; 4 August 1521 - 27 September 1590), born Giovanni Battista Castagna, was head of the Catholic Church, and ruler of the Papal States from 15 to 27 September 1590. [130][131], The current regulations regarding a papal interregnumthat is, a sede vacante ("vacant seat")were promulgated by Pope John Paul II in his 1996 document Universi Dominici Gregis. Assuming that an unconfirmed pope is a pope, then the shortest serving pope was known as Pope Stephen II who was the pope-elect for two days only between March 24 and March 26, 742. [60], In the Middle Ages, popes struggled with monarchs over power. Who is the shortest serving pope? Despite his (relatively) short term, Benedict XVI (pictured above in 2014) is now officially the longest-lived person (so far) to have been pope. For example, he took steps to lower the price of bread as well as placed restrictions on too much luxury for his staff.
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shortest serving pope
